
1965
| 07.05.1965 |
Dutch newspaper De Telegraaf publishes pictures of crown-princess Beatrix with her fiancé, a German diplomat, Claus von Amsberg. Claus becomes the subject of a national controversy because he had been a member of the Hitlerjugend and served in a Wehrmacht-division in Italy in 1945. |
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| 25.05.1965 |
The Provo section in Amsterdam is established around Roel van Duyn and Rob Stolk. The anarchist movement/group attracts attention with various forms of public actions such as happenings and unusual plans for a better environment in Amsterdam. The group is well-covered in the Dutch popular and news media. During 1966, the movement spreads to different Dutch cities and inspires young people and similar groups/movements in several European countries such as Belgium, West-Germany, Italy, England, France, Sweden, Denmark and Norway. Their activities end in May 1967. |
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| 11.06.1965 |
The editor of the student newspaper Propria Cures, Bram de Swaan, is fined in court for offensive blasphemy after he made a report on "J. van Nazareth." |
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| 11.10.1965 |
The pop-radio station Hilversum 3, which later becomes Radio 3, is established. |
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| 29.10.1965 |
Two Amsterdam student organizations organise the first Dutch teach-in on the subject of Vietnam. About 2000 people, largely students, participate. The following day the event receives is well-covered in the press. |
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1966
| 10.03.1966 |
During the royal wedding of Princess Beatrix and Claus von Amsberg, a smoke bomb explodes. The incident is covered by media all over the world. Dutch media presume Provo was behind the incident. Many years later, however, it becomes clear that young rebels of the Socialistische Jeugd have thrown the smoke bomb. |
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| 19.03.1966 |
In Amsterdam a photo-exposition, organized by Provo, Propia Cures and the leftist publisher Polak and Van Gennep, causes riots. The exposed photos show police violence during the royal wedding day. The violent reaction that the exposition provokes from Amsterdam police officers is covered on Dutch national television. |
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| June, 1966 - August, 1966 |
In Amsterdam, the Vietnam Action Group (a motley group of pacifists-radical youth, older Christian activists and anarchists) attracts a lot of attention. Demonstrators provoke the police by shouting the slogan “Johnson Murderer!” because of the fact that it was illegal to “insult a friendly head of state” in the Netherlands. Many demonstrators are arrested. |
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| 01.06.1966 |
The Provos win a seat in the Amsterdam Council in the municipal elections. |
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| 13.06.1966 - 14.06.1966 |
A demonstration of construction workers in Amsterdam ends up in a fierce riot, after one of the workers dies of a heart attack. Youngsters, including Provo, support the workers and provoke the police. The government launches a large-scale investigation. |
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| October, 1966 |
Cabinet crisis. The government, a coalition between two Christian parties and the Dutch social democratic party, resigns after the Christian parties filed a no confidence motion. In social democratic circles the Christian parties are accused of treason. The resignation can be seen as a starting point of growing division between “left” and “right”. |
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| 14.10.1966 |
The left-liberal political party Demokraten 66 is established under the leadership of Hans van Mierlo and Hans Gruijters. |
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1967
| 15.02.1967 |
Election: Newcomer D'66 wins 7 seats in the parliament. The social-democratic party and the catholic party lose considerably. Lacking an alternative, the relatively traditional and right-leaning De Jong government takes office in April 1967. |
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| 20.05.1967 |
In Amsterdam, a Vietnam War demonstration takes place, drawing more than 10,000 people of all ages and backgrounds. The initiator is Piet Nak, who had become famous in the Netherlands for playing a leading role in the Amsterdam February Strike of 1941 (in opposition to the persecution of the Amsterdam Jews). |
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| 06.06.1967 |
Pro-Israeli demonstration in Amsterdam. |
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| 09.10.1967 |
Holland’s smallest TV and broadcasting organisation VPRO shocks Dutch television-viewers when it presents a completely nude girl in its controversial teenage-show ‘Hoepla’. |
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| 21.10.1967 |
Another massive demonstration against the American intervention in Vietnam: 15.000 people participate. |
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1968
| January, 1968 |
The Dutch journalist and program leader, Koos Postema, discusses a series of taboos on his television program Een Groot Uur U (a large hour you), among others euthanasia, paedophilia and trans-sexuality. |
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| 21.02.1968 |
Rudi Dutschke visits Amsterdam: he participates in a procession and speaks before a large crowd of mainly students. The speech is covered by various national media. |
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| March, 1968 |
All over the Netherlands, students display posters with the slogan "Johnson War criminal". This is a reaction to the government’s decision not to prosecute the pacifist professor Bernhard Delfgaauw who earlier had claimed that President Johnson can be considered a war criminal according to the criteria of the war crimes tribunals at Nuremberg and Tokyo after World War II. Unlike the professor, many students are arrested and prosecuted. The provocations come to an end when president Johnson announces that the bombing of North-Vietnam will be stopped. |
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| 03.03.1968 |
The Belgian General Consulate in Amsterdam is attacked with stones. A letter, which is attached to a stone, warns that the Consulate would be attacked again if Belgian authorities would continue banning Belgian demonstrators from going to the Netherlands to protest against the American war in Vietnam. |
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| 03.03.1968 |
Bomb blasts set off by homemade time bombs outside the Spanish, Greek, and Portuguese embassy in The Hague. The Dutch police claim that leftwing radicals are responsible for the attack. |
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| 03.03.1968 |
Demonstration against the American war in Vietnam outside the residence of the U.S. ambassador in The Hague. |
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| 05.03.1968 |
In an interview in the Socialist newspaper Het Vrije Volk a man, who claims to have knowledge about the embassy bombings, warns about future bombings in Paris, Copenhagen and in the Netherlands, demands a “time out for Flower Power, Love ins and demonstrations. We need direct action!” He also claims that a group called “the First of May Group” is responsible for the bombings. |
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| 16.03.1968 |
Large anti- and pro-American demonstrations in Amsterdam and The Hague. |
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| 23.05.1968 |
Students occupy buildings at the University of Amsterdam after a speech by Daniel Cohn-Bendit. The police do not try to stop the students from entering the premises. |
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| 25.05.1968 |
15-20,000 workers from all over Netherlands participate in a demonstration in Utrecht against the government’s wage and price policy. Young workers and students are shouting “action” and “strike.” |
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| 22.08.1968 |
Demonstrations in Amsterdam and The Hague against the Soviet invasion of Czechoslovakia. |
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1970
| 24.08.1968 |
Extensive clashes between police and hippies who permanently occupy the “Dam”, a monument in the centre of Amsterdam. The confrontation lasts several hours. 30 demonstrators are injured, 3 from police bullets. |
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| May, 1970 |
Protest against the American invasion in Cambodia and against the Dutch government which appears to be the only NATO-government that openly support the invasion. |
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1969
| 25.03.1969 - 31.03.1969 |
John Lennon and Yoko Ono hold a seven days long "praise-in" in the Amsterdam Hilton Hotel. |
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| May, 1969 |
Students stage sit-ins in the main buildings of their universities demanding democratisation. The sit-ins start in Tilburg but the most noteworthy sit-in is that of the Maagdenhuis, the administrative centre of the Amsterdam university, where more than 500 students occupied the building for five days. |
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| 08.09.1969 |
Bomb explosion in The Hague. |
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